auerbach



FET R. AUERBACH 1,790,967.

APPARATUS FOR PREPARING EMULSIONS K l Filed Nov. 14, 1928' Patented Feb, 3, 1931 UNITED STATES XP'ATENT .oFFlcE RUDOLF .AUBBAGH, OF PROBSTDEUBEN, NEAR LEIPZIG, GERMAY APPARATUS FOR PBEPARING EMULSIONS l yA-lmlicati'on illed November 14, 1928, Serial 11o. 319,838, and in Germany November 14, 1927.

rMy invention relates to the treatment of .liquid and semiliquid substances, that will not naturally mix together-such' as oil or are agitated therein until they apgear to bethoroughly mixed. (See e. g. U 1,592,713, 1,293,087 l.

It is a fact well own to practitioners in this art that it is possible not only to emulsify one substance e. g. train oil in another substance-say water-but inversely water Patents in train oil, and experience shows that-#notwithstanding the fact that in both instances the proportions of the train oil and the water are exactly the same-the respective emulsions produced are of widely diiferentchar acter and appearance, showing strikingly different colors-e. g. in the case of oil emulsied inwater the resulting emulsion is of' whlte color, while water emulsied in 011 yields an emulsion of a brownish color, different stability, and-last but not least-a diieent elect upon the articles to be treated. A serious mishap often occurs in preparing emulslons in mixing machines as used heretofore: The character of the emulsion will change accidentally and unintentionally and for reasons unknown even to expert operators;\it may happen that the whole quantity of the emulsion within the mixing machine-or a part thereof--will change its character, becomes useless for the intended pur ose and must be discharged as a waste pro uct.

In other words with the usual method oi simply mixing liquid substances together for the production of emulsions it was uncertain-especially in the case of highly concenratus in diierent characteristic positions.

trated emulsions-whether or not an emul sion of the desired character was actually obtained. f

Moreover in preparing emulsions in mixy ing machines, as used heretofore,thevdisper 55 sion of the substance to be emulsiied was of a rather primitive character viz. not as fine and uniform as it was essential for high class work: e. g., in dyeing furs spotted sections appear in the latter as the result of emulsion notl having been of a truly homogeneous character. v v

The object of my invention is to provide an improved method by which highly concentrated emulsions of a finer and more stable qualit can be produced than was possible hereto ore. Another object of the invention is to provide means by which truly homogeneous emulsions of a specific predetermined char- 7o acter can be produced with absolute certain? ty, thereby eliminating all risks and chances whether or not the .emulsion obtained can be used for the respective purpose.

A further object of the inventionis to provide an apparatus by which highly concentrated emulsions of a specific predetermined character can be produced in a continuous viz. more ra id and more economical manner than it-was own heretofore amongst practitioners in this art. p L

The salient features of my invention are outlined in the accompanying claims and will be more easily understood from the following specification taken 'together with the 85 drawing in vwhich i' Fig. l is a cross section taken vertically through an apparatus-shown by way of an example-for producing emulsions of the character set forth; t

Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the apparatus partly in horizontal section.

Figs. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views showing the-admission valve' of the appa- 9 95 M method -of continuously prepar' emulysions consists in introducing the emlllllsilgv fying a ent asa continuous current into te central intake of a'rpidly rotating centri ugal system andsim taneouly introducing 10c the substance to vbe emulsied into the very center of said centrifugal system.

this method in practie,

In carrying out I have obtained good results by using a mixing apparatus resembling in its designa centrifugal pump and comprising a stationary outer casing 1, carried on a frame 2 and being formed with a tubular intake 3 and an outlet 4,-a rotary impeller 5, having blades 6, and an admission valve 7 ofspecial design.

The substance to be dispersed is introduced at Sand passes through a passage 9 of cock 10' and from which a pipe 11, terminating zle l12 respectively.

Oii setting the impeller 5 into rapid rotating movement by a source of power (known per se) the emulsifying agent by reason of the generated centrifugal forces will pass towards the periphery of the impel1erwhile in the centre of the system a vortex or cyclone-like motion is produced by which the l 'semblage of apparatus part of the casing, said other substance issuing from the nozzle 12 is finely dispersed and rapidly distributed in the form of minute particles in all directions. o

The emulsion whichthus can be prepared with great economy of time and labor in a continuous manner is discharged at the outlet 4, and is ready for use without requiring further treatment, re-mixing etc.

Various changes and modifications may be made in the .design, construction and asfor preparing emulsions as described above, without substantially departing from the spirit and the salient features of my invention.

E. g. pins 14 may be provided at the upper pins extendin into recesses 15 between the impeller 5an substantially promoting the dspersing and emulsifying eect.

The passages within cock 10 of the admission valve may berectangularlg' shaped and be crosswisely arranged to eac other, so as to cooperate with the respective intake passages of the valve housing in such wise that the pro rton ofthe both-viz. the emulsif; ing an the emulsiied-substances 'can controlled simultaneously by one single turn of the cock.

Attention is further drawn to the fact that the emulsifying action is enhanced by sulpthe substance to be emulsiied in t e form of a line jet viz. through a nozzle of comparativelysmall diameter and by usingif required ,in in. order to special cases-:a separate pum '1 force the -said substance into tlig mantecaV machine and thus to overcome the resist caused -by the sticky and viscous naturdnd the substance to be emulsiied and by the small crosectionalarea of the nozzle 12 respectivel What claim is: i

1. Machine for continuously preparing emulsions comprising in combination a centrifugal pump, having a' centrally arranged intake and means for conveying simultaneously the emulsifying agent and the substance .to be emulsified to the centre of said intake in the form of two co-axially arranged currents surrounding one another,-said means com rising a cock provided 'at the intake of t e pump and being adapted to simultaneously control the admission of two substances, the revolvable element of Said cock having two longitudinally arranged passages, concentrically surrounding one an other, and radial passages communicating with the former and with feeding pipes conveying the'substances under treatment.

2. Machine for continuously preparing emulsions comprising in combination a centrifugal pump, having a centrally arranged intake and means or conveym simultaneously the emulsifying a ent am? the sub- .stance to be emulsied to t e centre of said intake in the form of two co-axially arranged currents surrounding one another,said means comprising a cock provided at the intake of the pump and being adapted to siinultaneously control the admission of two substances, the revolvable element of said cock having two longitudinally arranged passages, concentrically surrounding one another, and radial passages communicating with the former and with feeding pipes conveying the substances under treatment, the said radial passages bein arranged in rectangular position to eac other while the feeding pigies are. attached to the stationary lelileih gr. the cock in opposed position to testimon whereof I h l name to this spdecication. ave Slgned my RUDQ F AUERBACH, PH. D.

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